零基础如何轻松学语法?
英语单词的积累和语法的掌握是学习的重中之重,下面是小编给大家分享的关于直接引语和间接引语的学习内容,大家可以作为学习的参考。
直接引语和间接引语
1. 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。
eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般过去时改成过去完成时)
He told me he had broken my CD player.
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”
(现在完成时改成过去完成时)
Jenny said she had lost a book.
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”
(一般将来时改成过去将来时)
Mum said she would go to see a friend.
过去完成时保留原有的时态
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”
He said they hadn’t finished their homework.
注意 直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。
2. 在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”
Mary said her brother was and engineer.
3. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:
He said, “Can you run, Mike?”
He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
4. 直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) * (not) to do sth.”句型。如:
“Pass me the water, please.”said he.
He asked him to pass her the water.
5. 直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”
She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
现在进行时表将来的动作
现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。
(1)用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。
(2)现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。
He is reading a novel.
他在看小说。
The train is arriving soon.
火车就要进站了。
(3)用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。
(4)现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。
What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你们打算干什么?
The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.
飞机今晚七点半起飞。
要想学好英语语法,必须要理解和掌握。学习的时候积累也很重要,方法用对,学习才能提高效率。