英语语法 | 不定式作介词宾语
本文章由春喜在线英语于2017.12.20日编辑发布
在通常情况下，动词用作介词宾语时要用动名词形式，但也有个别介词要接不定式作宾语，这类介词主要是表示“除……之外”的but和except。 but和except后接不定式时，不定式有时带 to，有时不带 to，情形比较复杂，大致原则是（特殊情况可能有例外）： They did nothing but complain. 他们老是一个劲地抱怨。 He never did anything but watch TV. 除了看电视，他从不干任何事。 I could do nothing except agree. 我除了同意，没有别的办法。 She was willing to do anything except tell me her mane. 她怎么都行，就是不肯把她的名字告诉我。
Nothing remains but to die. 除了死，没有别的办法。 I had no choice but to wait. 除了等，我没有别的选择。 It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。 I can do nothing for them except to send them money. 我除了给他们寄钱以外，什么也不能帮他们。 但是，表示“除……之外”的besides通常后接动名词。 如： Besides being heartbroken, she felt foolish. 她除了伤心外，还觉得自己很蠢。 The play was badly acted, besides being far too long. 这出戏除了太长之外，演得也不好。 Besides working as a doctor, he also writes novels in his spare time. 除了当医生之外，他还在业余时间写小说。 She often helps others with their studies besides completing her own. 她除了完成自己的学习任务外，还经常帮助别人学习。 不过，若句子里含有实义动词do，则besides后也可接不带to的不定式（不如接动名词普通）。 如： Did he do anything besides hit [hitting] you? 除了打你之外，他们还有没有别的什么举动？ 注：虽然介词后直接跟不定式作宾语的用法非常有限，但介词后跟“连接代词或副词+不定式”的用法则比较普通。 I have no idea of how to do it. 我不知道如何做此事。 They were concerned with how to solve the problem. 他们关心的是如何解决问题。 Your success will largely depend upon how you do it. 你成功与否将主要取决于你怎样做。 The teacher gave us a talk on how to study English. 老师给我们做了一个如何学英语的讲座。